1. Pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwehutachiona sampling tubes
Virus sampling tubes ndeyezvigadzirwa zvemishonga yekurapa. Vazhinji vagadziri vepamba vanonyoreswa zvinoenderana nekutanga-kirasi zvigadzirwa, uye mashoma makambani akanyoreswa zvinoenderana nemhando yechipiri zvigadzirwa. Nguva pfupi yadarika, kuitira kuti isangane nezvido zvechimbichimbi zveWuhan nedzimwe nzvimbo, makambani mazhinji akatora “emergency channel” “Nyorera mvumo yerekodhi rekodhi rekodhi. The virus sampling chubhu inoumbwa nesampling swab, mushonga wekuchengetedza hutachiona uye kurongedza kwekunze. Sezvo pasina chiyero chakabatana chenyika kana chiyero cheindasitiri, zvigadzirwa zvevagadziri vakasiyana zvinosiyana zvakanyanya.
1. Sampling swab: Iyo sampling swab inobata zvakananga sampling saiti, uye zvinhu zvemusoro wesampling zvine hukama zvakanyanya nekuzoonekwa kunotevera. Musoro wesampling swab unofanirwa kugadzirwa nePolyester (PE) synthetic fiber kana Rayon (fiber yakagadzirwa nemunhu). Calcium alginate sponge kana matanda swabs (kusanganisira bamboo matanda) haigone kushandiswa, uye zvinhu zvemumusoro we swab hazvigone kuve zvigadzirwa zvedonje. Nekuti fiber yekotoni ine yakasimba adsorption yeprotein, hazvisi nyore kuburitsa mune inotevera yekuchengetedza mhinduro; uye kana danda rehuni kana danda remushenjere rine calcium alginate uye zvikamu zvehuni zvakaputsika, kunyura mune yekuchengetera mhinduro kuchaitawo adsorb mapuroteni, uye kunyangwe ichaita Inogona inhibisa inotevera PCR kuita. Inokurudzirwa kushandisa michina yakagadzirwa sePE fiber, polyester fiber uye polypropylene fiber yezvinhu zvemusoro we swab. Mafibhi echisikigo akadai sekotoni haakurudzirwe. Nylon fibers haikurudzirwewo nekuti naironi fibers (yakafanana nemisoro yebhurashi) inotora mvura. Hurombo, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwesampling volume, zvichikanganisa mwero wekuona. Calcium alginate sponge inorambidzwa kuita sampling swab zvinhu! Swab mubato une marudzi maviri: akaputsika uye akavakirwa-mukati. Iyo yakaputsika swab inoiswa muchubhu yekuchengetedza mushure mekuenzanisa, uye chivharo chechubhu chinoputsika mushure mekuputswa kubva panzvimbo iri pedyo nemusoro wesampling; iyo yakavakirwa-mukati swab yakananga inoisa sampling swab muchubhu yekuchengetedza mushure mesampling, uye yekuchengetera chubhu chivharo chinovakwa mukati Rongedza buri diki nepamusoro pemubato uye simbisa chubhu chivharo. Kuenzanisa nzira mbiri, iyo yekupedzisira inenge yakachengeteka. Kana iyo yakaputsika swab inoshandiswa pamwe chete nediki diki yekuchengetera chubhu, inogona kukonzera mvura inoputika muchubhu kana yatsemuka, uye kutarisisa kwakazara kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune njodzi yekusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nekushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa hollow polystyrene (PS) extruded chubhu kana polypropylene (PP) jekiseni creasing chubhu yezvinhu zvemubato weswab. Hazvina mhosva kuti chii chinoshandiswa, calcium alginate additives haigoni kuwedzerwa; matanda kana Bamboo tsvimbo. Muchidimbu, sampling swab inofanirwa kuona huwandu hwesampling uye huwandu hwekuburitswa, uye zvinhu zvakasarudzwa hazvifanirwe kunge zvine zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunotevera kuyedzwa.
2. Virus kuchengetedza mhinduro: Kune marudzi maviri ehutachiona hwekuchengetedza mhinduro dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamusika, imwe ivhavha yekugadzirisa mhinduro yakagadziridzwa zvichienderana nepakati yekufambisa, uye imwe yacho yakagadziridzwa mhinduro ye nucleic acid extraction lysate.
Chinhu chikuru cheiyo yekare ndeyeEagle's basic tsika svikiro (MEM) kana Hank's munyu wakadzikama, unowedzerwa nemunyu, amino acids, mavhitaminzi, glucose uye protein inodiwa kuti hutachiona urarame. Iyi sarudzo yekuchengetedza inoshandisa phenol red sodium munyu sechiratidzo uye mhinduro. Kana iyo pH kukosha iri 6.6-8.0, mhinduro ndeyepingi. Iyo inodiwa glucose, L-glutamine uye mapuroteni anowedzerwa kune kuchengetedza mhinduro. Protein inopiwa nenzira ye fetal bovine serum kana bovine serum albumin, iyo inogona kudzikamisa ganda reprotein yehutachiona. Nekuti mushonga wekuchengetedza wakapfuma mukudya, unobatsira pakurarama kwehutachiona asiwo unobatsira mukukura kwebhakitiriya. Kana sarudzo yekuchengetedza yakasvibiswa nebhakitiriya, ichawedzera muhuwandu. Iyo kabhoni dhiabhorosi mumametabolites ayo ichaita kuti mhinduro yekuchengetedza pH iwire kubva mupink Inoshanduka yero. Nokudaro, vazhinji vanogadzira vakawedzera mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kune maitiro avo. Iyo inokurudzirwa antibacterial agents ndeye penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin uye polymyxin B. Sodium azide uye 2-methyl hazvikurudzirwi Inhibitors yakadai se4-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI) uye 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMCI) nokuti izvi zvikamu zvine maitiro ePCR. Sezvo sampuli yakapihwa nemhinduro iyi yekuchengetedza iri hutachiona mhenyu, mavambo emuenzaniso anogona kuchengetwa kusvika pamwero mukuru, uye anogona kushandiswa kwete chete kudhirowa uye kuona hutachiona nucleic acids, asiwo pakurima nekuparadzaniswa kwemavhairasi. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kana ichishandiswa pakuona, nucleic acid kutorwa uye kucheneswa kunofanirwa kuitwa mushure mekusashanda.
Imwe mhando yekuchengetedza mhinduro yakagadzirwa yakavakirwa pane nucleic acid yekubvisa lysate, iyo mikuru inoringana munyu, EDTA chelating agent, guanidine munyu (senge guanidine isothiocyanate, guanidine hydrochloride, nezvimwewo), anionic surfactant (senge dodecane Sodium sulfate sulfate), tetradecyltrimethylammonium oxalate), phenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline, dithiothreitol (DTT), proteinase K nezvimwe zvikamu, Iyi sarudzo yekuchengetedza ndeyekutsemura hutachiona zvakananga kusunungura nucleic acid uye kubvisa RNase. Kana yakangoshandiswa RT-PCR, inonyanya kukodzera, asi lysate inogona kumisa hutachiona. Mhando iyi yemuenzaniso haigone kushandiswa kuparadzanisa tsika dzehutachiona.
Iyo metal ion chelating agent inoshandiswa muhutachiona hwekuchengetedza hutachiona inokurudzirwa kushandisa EDTA salts (yakadai se dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nezvimwewo), uye hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa heparin (yakadai sodium heparin, lithium heparin), kuitira kuti irege kukanganisa PCR.
3. Kuchengetedza chubhu: Zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza tube zvinofanira kusarudzwa zvakanyatsonaka. Pane data inoratidza kuti polypropylene (Polypropylene) ine hukama nekushambadza kwenucleic acid, kunyanya paiyo yakanyanya tension ion concentration, polyethylene (Polyethylene) inonyanya kufarirwa kupfuura polypropylene (Polypropylene) Zviri nyore kubata DNA/RNA. Polyethylene-propylene polymer (Polyallomer) plastiki uye mamwe akanyatsogadziriswa polypropylene (Polypropylene) mapurasitiki epurasitiki akakodzera kuchengetwa kweDNA/RNA. Mukuwedzera, kana uchishandisa swab inoputika, pombi yekuchengetedza inofanira kuedza kusarudza chigadziko chakareba kupfuura masendimita masere kudzivirira zviri mukati kuti zvisaputswe uye zvakasvibiswa kana swab yaputsika.
4. Mvura yekugadzirwa kwekuchengetedza mhinduro: Mvura yeultraure inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwekugadzirisa inofanira kusefa kuburikidza ne ultrafiltration membrane ine molecular huremu hwe13,000 kuti ive nechokwadi chekubviswa kwehutsvina hwepolymer kubva kune zvipenyu zvipenyu, zvakadai seRNase, DNase, uye endotoxin, uye kucheneswa kwakajairika hakukurudzirwi. Mvura kana mvura yakasvibiswa.
2. Kushandiswa kwehutachiwana sampling tubes
Sampling uchishandisa hutachiona sampling chubhu inonyanya kukamurwa kuita oropharyngeal sampling uye nasopharyngeal sampling:
1. Oropharyngeal sampling: Tanga wadzvanya rurimi nerurimi depressor, wobva wawedzera musoro wesampling swab muhuro kuti upukute bilateral pharyngeal tonsils uye posterior pharyngeal rusvingo, uye pukuta rusvingo rwepashure nerutsigiro rwechiedza, dzivisa kubata chikwata cherurimi.
2. Nasopharyngeal sampling: pima chinhambwe kubva pamuromo wemhino kusvika paburi renzeve neshavi womaka nechigunwe, isa sampling swab mumhino yemhino yakananga kumhino yakatwasuka (kumeso), swab inofanira kurebesa hafu yehurefu hwelobe renzeve kusvika panoperera mhuno, Siyai3 rombe pasecond1, 3-5 nguva, uye bvisa swab.
Hazvisi zvakaoma kuona kubva kune nzira yekushandiswa, kana iri oropharyngeal swab kana nasopharyngeal swab, sampling ibasa reunyanzvi, rakaoma uye rakasvibiswa. Hunhu hwemuenzaniso wakaunganidzwa hunoenderana zvakananga nekuonekwa kunotevera. Kana sampu yakaunganidzwa ine hutachiona hweLow, nyore kukonzeresa nhema dzisina kunaka, zvakaoma kusimbisa kuongororwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-21-2020
